Jaw Pain, Clicking or Locking? A Physiotherapist’s Guide to TMJ Disorders - Anatomy, causes, posture, exercises and what the evidence says about treatment
If your jaw clicks when you chew, aches by mid-afternoon, or leaves you with tension headaches, you’re not alone. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD, often just called “TMJ”) affect an estimated 10 to 15 percent of Americans. The good news is that most people improve with conservative, hands-on care, and that’s where physiotherapy can help. Meet your jaw: the anatomy The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sits just in front of your ear, where the rounded end of your lower jaw (the condyle) meets your skull. A small cartilage disc sits between the two surfaces and keeps the movement smooth. Four pairs of muscles run the show: • Masseter: the strong cheek muscle you use to bite and chew. • Temporalis: the fan-shaped muscle across your temple. • Medial pterygoid: a deep muscle that helps close the jaw. • Lateral pterygoid: a deep muscle that helps ope...